This assignment has to be based around a local government area, I have chosen Yorke peninsula, located in Adelaide, South Australia and the health problem I have chosen is Coronary Heart Disease Certain Sources have to be used :
https://atlasesaustralia.com.au/LGASA/Profiles/Yorke_Peninsula.pdf (the main source needed)
https://www.adelaidephn.com.au/our-work/understanding-our-region/needs-assessment/
Plus any other relevant South Australian sources and other peered reviewed articles related
1. Identifying and analysing the
health problem approximately 400 words)
(such as, iceberg metaphor – can be seen above the water; two
steps back model – person’s presenting issue)
1.1
What is the health problem? (such as, health condition / issue / problem)
or what is the problem a nurse can see? for example: Type 2 Diabetes, bowel
cancer, cardiac disease, obesity, homelessness
1.2 Where
is this health problem located? (for example, chosen your community, click here for updated Local Government
Area population health profiles and data for both metropolitan and regional
South Australia. Or you may wish to access Adelaide
PHN community needs assessment, click here or
Country South Australia PHN community needs assessment, click here
1.3 What
is the population and community health data reporting about this problem
1.4 What do
we know about the health problem(s) from research and evidence? (for
example, epidemiology, surveillance and population health data and/or reports
about the incidence, prevalence, mortality (death) and morbidity (illness)
rates). Click here Social Health Atlases of
Australia: topic, indictors and notes or Click here Aboriginal & Torres
Strait Islander Social Health Atlas of Australia: topic, indictors and notes.
Remember that different
data sources can yield different results.
2. Defining the target group (summarise in approximately 100
words)
2.1 Who is affected or impacted by
the health problem? (such as, vulnerable population group, age or gender etc )
2.2
How much of the target population group is affected by this
health problem? (Prevalence, for example: total number of cases
of health problem existing in a population
3. Define the causes of
the causes (summarise in approximately 500 words)
3.1 Identify and analyse the contributing
factors (iceberg metaphor –
hidden below the water; or one step back –
risks and behaviours) – What are the
causes of the health problem?
3.1. a What sort of behavioural or lifestyle
factors clearly contribute to the health problem?
3.2.b What population groups are most
at risk of behaviours and lifestyle factors that contribute to the health
problem? Please use data on needs assessment using
resources provided within the course learning material (for example,
population-at-risk)
Causes of the health
problem example
Iceberg example, if the problem is lung cancer, the contributing factors could
be smoking, breathing in second-hand smoke, pollution, or asbestos; or if the
problems cardiac disease, the contributing factors could be genetic risk
factors, stress, smoking and physical inactivity due to the safety and
walkability of the community in which a person lives.
Two steps back example, if the problem was Type 2 Diabetes, if we take one step back,
we can relate to diet, exercise, lack of knowledge about nutrition, smoking
(from not eating well), person can’t afford fresh food and vegetables and poor
education: literacy and numeracy levels (economics)
3.2 Identify and analyse the determinants of health (iceberg
metaphor – hidden below the water; or the
two steps back – social, economic & environmental
conditions) – What are the causes of the causes of the health problem?
3.2 a. What are the social, economic and environmental factors
and conditions that are leading to each of these contributing factors?
3.2.b. What is the population and/or community social, economic
and environmental data stating about each of these contributing factors? (for example, the continuum of
risk, which is also apparent for many social and environmental circumstances)
Determinants of health
and social determinants of health example
Iceberg example, a person might smoke because their parents smoke, they
weren’t educated about the risks, smoking is normal where they work or live or
it helps to calm them from their financial or social stress (exclusion,
discrimination or violence) and because it is very addictive. By
identifying the social determinants of each contributing factor assist a nurse
to better understand people and their communities and how to address the causes
of causes.
Two steps back example, the person is in rural township there is poor availability
and accessibility of fresh food and vegetables (environmental), limited access
to affordable health care (access and equity); poor cultural and social
practices related to eating (social conditions).
4. State the access to
health care issues (summarise in approximately 200 – 250 words)
4.1 What factors
may affect the target group’s ability to reach out for support? (For example,
the 5 A’s in healthcare delivery and 5 abilities for individuals).
5. State the partnerships opportunities
(summarise in approximately 150 – 200 words)
5.1 List
minimum of 5 people, team(s) or organisation(s) who the nurse could partner
with to working on addressing this health problem? (for example, partnerships
and collaboration opportunities, team, other health professions, service,
community groups).
5.2 Briefly state the purpose/rational of collaborating and/or
partnering with that stakeholder (for example, partnership level).
6. State your health problem statement (summarise in approximately 50-100
words)
After you
assess health data and community needs, and identify the risk factors and
target groups, you are ready to develop a health problem statement. A good
problem statement answers includes; what, who, how much, when, and where, will
help you focus the program you are planning by narrowing down your problems.
Example of a health problem statement
Using the
format:
What
is the health problem? (smoking during pregnancy)
Who
is being affected? (pregnant women)
How
much of the population is affected? (17.4% of pregnant women but markedly
fewer than in Regional SA overall (21.1%))
When
did the problem occur, reported on or when was it identified? (such as
from 2012 to 2014)
Where
is this problem located? (Yorke Peninsula region of South Australia)
Health Problem Statement: ‘From 2012 to 2014, 17.4% of pregnant women in Yorke Peninsula
region of South Australia smoked at some stage during their pregnancy, which
markedly fewer than in Regional SA overall (21.1%).